Phenazone
Phenazone, also known as Antipyrine, is a pharmaceutical intermediate with analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory properties.
Description
Phenazone (CAS 60-80-0), a pyrazolone derivative, is a well-established pharmaceutical intermediate and active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). Its chemical formula is C11H12N2O, indicating its composition of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. The compound exhibits significant pharmacological activities, primarily serving as an analgesic (pain reliever), antipyretic (fever reducer), and anti-inflammatory agent. Historically, it was one of the earliest synthetic drugs to be widely used for pain and fever management. Its mechanism of action is believed to involve inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, similar to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Phenazone is recognized for its rapid onset of action and relatively short duration within the body. Due to its metabolic profile, it is sometimes employed as a probe drug in pharmacokinetic studies to assess liver enzyme activity, particularly cytochrome P450 enzymes. Its synthesis involves condensation reactions, yielding a stable crystalline solid under standard conditions. The substance is characterized by its high purity and consistent chemical structure, making it suitable for pharmaceutical manufacturing processes where stringent quality control is paramount. Its solubility characteristics in various solvents are important for formulation development.
Applications
Phenazone finds primary application as a pharmaceutical intermediate in the synthesis of various other medicinal compounds. It is also directly used as an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in formulations designed for its analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects. Historically, it was a staple in over-the-counter pain relievers and fever medications. In modern pharmaceutical science, it is explored for its use in combination therapies and as a reference compound in pharmacological research. Its utility in assessing hepatic drug metabolism makes it valuable in clinical pharmacokinetics and drug interaction studies. Its robust chemical structure allows for derivatization, leading to the development of new therapeutic agents.
Storage & Handling
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials. Keep container tightly closed. Protect from light. Avoid dust formation and ensure good industrial hygiene practices. Use appropriate personal protective equipment.
Warning
- H319 Causes serious eye irritation
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